Netopia Router PN Series Manuale Utente

Netopia  Router Reference Guide

1-2 Reference Guide How to use this guide This guide is organized into chapters describing each of the Netopia Router’s advanced features. You may wa

4-20 Reference Guide In the Secondary DNS Server IP Address menu item, the Secondary DNS Server IP Address will be automatically generated from the c

IP Setup 4-21DHCP NetBios Options Serve NetBios Type: Yes NetBios Type... Type B Serve NetBi

4-22 Reference GuideYou are now finished setting up DHCP NetBIOS Options. To return to the IP Address Serving screen press the Escape key once. To ena

IP Setup 4-23Non-Small OfficeAppleTalk models only Select MacIP/KIP Static Options and press Return. The MacIP (KIP) Forwarding Setup screen tells the

4-24 Reference Guide

5-1Chapter 5IPX SetupInternetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) is the network protocol used by Novell NetWare networks. This chapter shows you how to configur

5-2 Reference GuideInternetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)IPX is a datagram, connectionless protocol that Novell adapted from Xerox Network System’s (XNS)

IPX Setup 5-3Routing Information Protocol (RIP)RIP, which was also derived from XNS, is a protocol that allows for the bidirectional transfer of routi

5-4 Reference GuideNetBIOS NetBIOS is a protocol that performs tasks related to the Transport and Session layers of the OSI model. It can operate over

IPX Setup 5-5To go to the IPX Setup screen, from the Main Menu select Advanced Configuration and then select Network Protocols Setup and then select IP

Introduction 1-3 For IP filters, see “About filters and filter sets” on page 7-6 and “Working with IP filters and filter sets” on page 7-16. To transf

5-6 Reference Guide4. To change the default path delay, select Ethernet Path Delay and enter a value (in ticks). This value is used to determine the p

IPX Setup 5-7IPX in the answer profileThe answer profile can be configured to accept calls from remote IPX networks. To configure the answer profile to acc

5-8 Reference GuideIPX Parameters (Default Answer Profile) NetBios Packet Forwarding: Off Incoming Packet Filter Set

IPX Setup 5-9Setting up and using IPX filter sets is a four-step process:1. Create the filters to use.2. Create the filter sets to use.3. Add filters to t

5-10 Reference GuideIPX packet filtersFor each IPX packet filter, you can configure a set of parameters to match on the source or destination attributes

IPX Setup 5-11By default, the filter’s socket numbers and network and node addresses are null (all zeros). This sets the filter to match on any IPX data

5-12 Reference GuideViewing and modifying packet filter setsTo display a table of IPX packet filter sets, select Show/Change IPX Packet Filter Sets in t

IPX Setup 5-13Show Filters/Change Actions on Match Filter Name---------------------Forward Filter 1 No

5-14 Reference GuideIPX SAP filtersFor each IPX SAP filter, you can configure a set of parameters to match on certain attributes of IPX SAP packet entrie

IPX Setup 5-15Add SAP Filter Filter Name: Server Name: Socket: 0000 Typ

1-4 Reference Guide Connecting to the Advanced Configuration screens There are three ways to connect to the Netopia Router’s advanced configuration scr

5-16 Reference Guide6. To specify an IPX node address for the filter to match on, select IPX Node Address and enter an IPX node address.7. Select ADD F

IPX Setup 5-17Add SAP Filter Set Filter Set Name: Show Filters/Change Action on Match... Append Filter...

5-18 Reference Guide3. To add a filter to the filter set, select Append Filter to display a table of filters. Select a filter from the table and press Ret

IPX Setup 5-19IPX routing tablesIPX routing tables provide information on current IPX routes and services. To go to the IPX Routing Table screen, sele

5-20 Reference Guide

6-1Chapter 6AppleTalk SetupThis chapter discusses the concept of AppleTalk routing and how to configure AppleTalk Setup for a Netopia Router with Apple

6-2 Reference GuideEach computer or peripheral device (printer, client, file server) connected to a network is called a node and has a unique node addr

AppleTalk Setup 6-3To make the services on an internet manageable, groups of devices on a network can be grouped into zones. When this is done, select

6-4 Reference GuideA router has multiple communications ports and is capable of forwarding information to other routers and devices on the internet. T

AppleTalk Setup 6-5When two networks using AppleTalk communicate with each other through a network based on the Internet Protocol, they are said to be

Introduction 1-5 Follow the manufacturer’s instructions when unpacking and preparing to use the PC Card modem. One end of the telephone cable connect

6-6 Reference GuideSoft seeding: When a router that uses soft seeding is turned on or reset, it requests network number and zone name information from

AppleTalk Setup 6-7 If you want the Netopia Router and all other routers on your network to use only their own configurations, set the Netopia Router

6-8 Reference Guide1. Select AppleTalk Routing and toggle to On.2. Select AppleTalk Zone Name and enter a name of your choice (this will apply to both

AppleTalk Setup 6-9You have finished configuring AppleTalk Setup for the Small Office model.AppleTalk Setup for Corporate modelsAppleTalk setup for Corpo

6-10 Reference Guide To view the zones available to EtherTalk Phase ll, select Show Zones and press Return. You can dismiss the list of zones by pres

AppleTalk Setup 6-11LocalTalk SetupThe Netopia Router can function as a LocalTalk-to-EtherTalk router. This means that a LocalTalk network can be conn

6-12 Reference GuideAs an alternative, you can set LocalTalk seeding to soft seeding and let the Netopia Router receive the zone name and network numb

AppleTalk Setup 6-13 To activate AURP and enable connections to and from AURP partners, select AURP Enable and toggle it to On.Viewing AURP partners

6-14 Reference Guide To initiate a connection with an AURP partner, select Initiate Connection and toggle it to Yes. This will open a connection to t

AppleTalk Setup 6-15Receiving AURP connections To control the acceptance of incoming AURP tunnels, select Accept Connections From and choose Anyone o

1-6 Reference Guide Navigating through the Advanced Configuration screens To help you find your way to particular screens, some sections in this guide

6-16 Reference GuideThe AURP tickle timer is a parameter that you can set anywhere between 0 and 100 hours. This parameter tells the AURP partners whe

AppleTalk Setup 6-17 To override the AppleTalk maximum limit of 15 hops, select Enable Hop-Count Reduction and toggle it to Yes. Hosts on a local App

6-18 Reference Guide

7-1Chapter 7SecurityThe Netopia Router provides a number of security features to help protect its configuration screens and your local network from una

7-2 Reference GuideSuggested security measuresIn addition to setting up user accounts, Telnet access, and filters (all of which are covered later in th

Security 7-3Caution! You are strongly encouraged to add protection to the configuration screens. Unprotected screens could allow an unauthorized user t

7-4 Reference GuideProtecting the Security Options screenThe first screen you should protect is the Security Options screen, because it controls access

Security 7-53. To accept the new name/password combination, select ADD NAME/PASSWORD NOW. To exit the Add Name With Write Access screen without saving

7-6 Reference GuideAbout filters and filter setsSecurity should be a high priority for anyone administering a network connected to the Internet. Using p

Security 7-7Each inspector has a specific task. One inspector’s task may be to examine the destination address of all outgoing packages. That inspector

Introduction 1-7 Keyboard navigation Use your keyboard to navigate the Netopia Router’s configuration screens, enter and edit information, and make c

7-8 Reference GuideFor example, let’s say the first inspector’s orders are to send along all packages that come from Rome, and the second inspector’s o

Security 7-9How individual filters workAs described above, a filter applies criteria to an IP packet and then takes one of three actions:A filter’s actio

7-10 Reference GuideParts of a filterA filter consists of criteria based on packet attributes. A typical filter can match a packet on any one of the foll

Security 7-11Port number comparisonsA filter can also use a comparison option to evaluate a packet’s source or destination port number. The comparison

7-12 Reference GuideOther filter attributesThere are three other attributes to each filter: The filter’s order (i.e., priority) in the filter set Whethe

Security 7-13Src. Port: The source port to match. This is the port on the sending host that originated the packet.D. Port: The destination port to mat

7-14 Reference Guide3. Using the tables on page 7-10, find the destination port and protocol numbers (the local Telnet port): Proto = TCP (or 6) D. P

Security 7-15Design guidelinesCareful thought should go into designing a new filter set. You should consider the following guidelines: Be sure the fil

7-16 Reference Guide Too much reliance on packet filters can cause too little reliance on other security methods. Filter sets are not a substitute for

Security 7-17 IP Filter Sets Display/Change IP Filter Set... A

1-8 Reference Guide

7-18 Reference GuideAdd IP Filter Set Filter Set Name: Filter Set 2 Display/Change Input Filter... Add Inpu

Security 7-19Input and output filters—source and destinationThere are two kinds of filters you can add to a filter set: input and output. Input filters ch

7-20 Reference GuideAdding filters to a filter setIn this section you’ll learn how to add an input filter to a filter set. Adding an output filter works ex

Security 7-213. Select Source IP Address and enter the source IP address this filter will match on. You can enter a subnet or a host address.4. Select

7-22 Reference GuideYou can add a TCP filter to a filter set with the following steps:1. In the Add Filter screen, toggle the Enabled field to Yes.2. Sel

Security 7-23Change FilterEnabled: NoForward: NoSource IP Address: 0.0.0.0Source IP Address Mask: 0

7-24 Reference GuideModifying filter setsTo modify a filter set, select Display/Change Filter Set in the Filter Sets screen to display a list of filter s

Security 7-25A sample IP filter setThis section contains the settings for a filter set, called Basic Firewall, which is part of the Netopia Router’s fac

7-26 Reference GuideBasic Firewall’s filters play the following roles.Input filters 1 and 2: These block WAN-originated OpenWindows and X-Windows sessio

Security 7-27Input filter 3: This filter explicitly passes all WAN-originated ICMP traffic to permit devices on the WAN to ping devices on the LAN. Ping

2-1 Chapter 2Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections This chapter shows you how to configure the Netopia Router to make and receive network connec

7-28 Reference GuideTrusted host. To allow unlimited access by a trusted remote host with the IP address a.b.c.d (corresponding to a numbered IP addre

Security 7-29FTP sessions. To allow WAN-originated FTP sessions to a LAN-based FTP server with the IP address a.b.c.d (corresponding to a numbered IP

7-30 Reference GuideAURP tunnel. To allow an AURP tunnel between a remote AURP router with the IP address a.b.c.d (corresponding to a numbered IP addr

8-1Chapter 8Token Security AuthenticationThis chapter discusses how to configure and use security authentication on the Netopia Router.Note: The securi

8-2 Reference GuideSecurID is a two-factor authentication process to protect against unauthorized access. This dynamic user authentication produces a

Token Security Authentication 8-3To perform security card authentication, each user must have a security authentication token card and a PIN. In addit

8-4 Reference GuideConfiguring the Netopia Router for security authenticationTo configure the Netopia Router to support security authentication, select

Token Security Authentication 8-5If you select PAP-TOKEN, select Send User Name and enter a name for your Netopia Router. You will not need to enter

8-6 Reference Guide Statistics, Utilities, Tests Statistics General Statistics... Event Histories

Token Security Authentication 8-7 Secure Authentication Monitor Current ISDN Connection Status Profile

2-2 Reference Guide ISDN WAN Setup The ISDN WAN Setup screen has three subscreens, each involving a different aspect of using the ISDN line to contro

8-8 Reference GuideEstablishing a manual connection callTo establish a Manual connection call, select the Statistic, Utilities, Tests from the Main Me

Token Security Authentication 8-9Note: When using CACHE-TOKEN, your passcode is valid for a time interval determined by the network administrator. Whe

8-10 Reference Guide

9-1Chapter 9Monitoring ToolsThis chapter discusses the Netopia Router’s device and network monitoring tools. These tools can provide statistical infor

9-2 Reference GuideGeneral StatusAll interfaces Quick ViewEthernet Address - 00-00-c5-ff-60-8d Current Date - 5/30/97 03:49:52PMFirmware Version - 3.

Monitoring Tools 9-3Current StatusThe current status section is a table showing the current status of ISDN, the WAN, or Frame Relay.Current ISDN Conne

9-4 Reference GuideCurrent Frame Relay StatusLeased line with FrameRelay enabled onlyCurrent Frame Relay Status----DLCIs In Use----Bytes Rx----Bytes T

Monitoring Tools 9-5Each LED representation can report one of four states:–: A dash means the LED is off.*: An asterisk means the LED is blinking.O: T

9-6 Reference GuideGeneral Statistics displays information about data traffic on the Netopia Router’s PhoneNet and Ethernet ports. This information is

Monitoring Tools 9-7Leased line with PPP orHDLC enabled only----------------------WAN Connection Statistics-----------------------Ch.---Bytes Rx----By

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-3 Note: If your ISDN Line Configuration screen contains items that are not discussed in this section, su

9-8 Reference GuideDLCI Traffic StatisticsModels with Frame Relayenabled onlyDLCI Statistics DLCI----Remote IP Addr--IPX Net----Frames Rx--Frames Tx---

Monitoring Tools 9-9Event HistoriesThe Netopia Router records certain relevant occurrences in event histories. Event histories are useful for diagnosi

9-10 Reference Guide Device Event History Current Date -- 6/4/98 09:23:53 AM -Da

Monitoring Tools 9-11WAN Event History Current Date -- 6/4/97 04:36:11 PM -Date-----Time-----Event----------

9-12 Reference GuideIf the event history exceeds the size of the screen, you can scroll through it by using the SCROLL UP and SCROLL DOWN items.To scr

Monitoring Tools 9-13IP routing tableThe IP routing table displays all of the IP routes currently known to the Netopia Router.To display the IP Routin

9-14 Reference Guide AT Routing Table -Net---Range--(Def) Zone Name---------Hops-State-Next Rtr Addr.--Pkts Fwded--- ---

Monitoring Tools 9-15(Def) Zone Name: Displays the zone or zones associated with the specified network or network range. The zone name shown is either

9-16 Reference GuideCall Accounting Enable Call Accounting: On Day for auto-reset of timers: 12 Maximum connec

Monitoring Tools 9-17 Remaining Time (HH:MM) displays how much time is left in the recording interval. If call accounting is not enabled, the message

Copyright Copyright © 1998 Netopia, Inc. v.298All rights reserved. This manual and any associated artwork, software and product designs are copyright

2-4 Reference Guide ISDN Line Configuration Circuit Type... Permanent B-Channel Usage... B1

9-18 Reference GuidesysObjectID and sysDescrThe value returned by the Netopia Router SNMP agent for sysObjectID is 1.3.6.1.4.1.304.2.2.x, where x is d

Monitoring Tools 9-19The SNMP Setup screenTo go to the SNMP Setup screen, select SNMP in the Advanced Configuration screen.SNMP Setup System Na

9-20 Reference GuideCommunity stringsThe Read-Only Community String and the Read/Write Community String are like passwords that must be used by an SNM

Monitoring Tools 9-21 An interface down trap (ifDown) is generated when one of the router’s interfaces, such as a port, stops functioning or is disab

9-22 Reference GuideViewing IP trap receiversTo display a view-only table of IP trap receivers, select Display/Change IP Trap Receiver in the IP Trap

10-1Chapter 10Utilities and TestsA number of utilities and tests are available for system diagnostic and control purposes: Setting system date and ti

10-2 Reference GuideSome utilities and tests may not be available on some Netopia Router models, depending on the switch type and data encapsulation m

Utilities and Tests 10-3PingThe Netopia Router includes a standard Ping test utility. A Ping test generates IP packets destined for a particular (Ping

10-4 Reference Guide2. Select Packets to Send to change the default setting. This is the total number of packets to be sent during the Ping test. The

Utilities and Tests 10-5Packets Out: The number of packets sent by the Ping test.Packets In: The number of return packets received from the target h

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-56. Select Directory Number 1 and enter the primary directory number as you would dial it, including any

10-6 Reference GuidePackets Lost: The number of packets unaccounted for, shown in total and as a percentage of total packets sent. This statistic may

Utilities and Tests 10-7The time-to-live (TTL) value for each Ping packet sent by the Netopia Router is 255, the maximum allowed. The TTL value defines

10-8 Reference Guide3. Select Timeout per probe (1..10 sec) to set when the trace will timeout for each hop, up to 10 seconds. The default is 3 second

Utilities and Tests 10-9Factory defaultsYou can reset the Netopia Router to its factory default settings. Select the Revert to Factory Defaults item i

10-10 Reference GuideThe Status item reports one of three results:Untested: The loopback test has not yet been run.Loopback Test FAILED: The loopback

Utilities and Tests 10-11Console configurationIn the Getting Started Guide, it was suggested that you set the communications parameters in your termina

10-12 Reference GuideTransferring configuration and firmware files with XMODEMYou can transfer configuration and firmware files with XMODEM through the Neto

Utilities and Tests 10-13Using the SmartPortFollow these steps to prepare to use the SmartPort (PC Card port):1. Connect a standard PC Card modem to t

10-14 Reference GuideUpdating firmwareFirmware updates may be available periodically from Farallon or from a site maintained by your organization’s net

Utilities and Tests 10-15Caution! Do not manually reset the Netopia Router while it is automatically resetting or it could be damaged.Downloading confi

2-6 Reference GuideWAN Setup Line Configuration... Frame Relay Configuration...

10-16 Reference GuideIf you choose CONTINUE, you will have ten seconds to use your terminal emulation software to initiate an XMODEM transfer of the c

Utilities and Tests 10-173. Select CANCEL to exit without uploading the file, or select CONTINUE to upload the file.If you choose CONTINUE, you will hav

10-18 Reference GuideThe sections below describe how to update the Router’s firmware and how to download and upload configuration files.Updating firmwareF

Utilities and Tests 10-194. If you choose to download the firmware, the TFTP Transfer State item will change from Idle to Reading Firmware. The TFTP Cu

10-20 Reference Guide4. If you choose to download the configuration file, the TFTP Transfer State item will change from Idle to Reading Config. The TFTP

Utilities and Tests 10-21+--------------------------------------------------------------------++------------------------------------------------------

10-22 Reference Guide

A-1Appendix ATroubleshootingThis appendix is intended to help you troubleshoot problems you may encounter while using the Netopia Router. It also incl

A-2 Reference GuideConsole connection problemsCan’t see the configuration screens (nothing appears) Check the cable connection from the Netopia Router

Troubleshooting A-3The WAN Ready LED is solid redThis is an indication that the Netopia Router is unable to synchronize with the switch at your ISDN s

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-7The DDS Line Configuration screen appears for DDS leased line models (with an internal CSU/DSU connectio

A-4 Reference GuideIf you are trying to call an ISP, confirm the following: The ISP’s directory number The authorization method you use (PAP, CHAP, o

Troubleshooting A-5Network problemsThis section contains tips on ways you can troubleshoot a networking problem.Problems communicating with remote IP

A-6 Reference GuideInternal termination switchNon-North Americanmodels onlyThe Netopia Router includes an internal termination switch for terminating

Troubleshooting A-7Technical supportFarallon Communications is committed to providing its customers with reliable products and documentation, backed b

A-8 Reference GuideHow to reach usWe can help you with your problem more effectively if you have completed the environment profile in the previous sect

Troubleshooting A-9Local serviceIf you are not located in the United States or Canada, you can get service locally by contacting your nearest Farallon

A-10 Reference Guide

B-1Appendix BUnderstanding IP AddressingThis appendix is a brief general introduction to IP addressing. A basic understanding of IP will help you in c

B-2 Reference GuideAbout IP addressingEvery networking protocol uses some form of addressing in order to ensure that packets are delivered correctly.

Understanding IP Addressing B-3Class A networks have a small number of possible network numbers, but a large number of possible host numbers. Converse

2-8 Reference GuideEquipment) because their transmit data can become altered in relation to the clock sourced by the DCE (Data Communications Equipmen

B-4 Reference Guidethe subnet numbers. Since the InterNIC assigns the network number proper, it should not change, so the subnet numbers must be creat

Understanding IP Addressing B-5Note: If you receive an IP address from an ISP, there must be a mask associated with that IP address. By using the IP a

B-6 Reference GuideAs you can see, subnet masks that allocate one, seven, or eight bits to subnets are useless for a Class C network. This is because

Understanding IP Addressing B-7that allocates five bits to the host address and three to the subnet address. This gives you a potential of six subnets

B-8 Reference Guide5. Determine the host addressesFinally, combine your subnet numbers with your host numbers to determine the actual IP addresses you

Understanding IP Addressing B-9must use the mask issued by the ISP). This, however, is not a problematic limitation for your small network.The advanta

B-10 Reference GuideManually distributing IP addressesIf you choose to manually distribute IP addresses, you must enter each computer’s address into i

Understanding IP Addressing B-11 Avoid fragmenting your block of IP addresses. For example, try to use a continuous range for the static addresses yo

B-12 Reference Guide The address range specified for address-served clients cannot wrap around from the end of the total available range back to the b

Understanding IP Addressing B-13InternetRouter ARouter CRouter Ba.b.c.0a.b.c.16a.b.c.1a.b.c.2a.b.c.248a.b.c.249a.b.c.128a.b.c.129Nested IP subnetsUnde

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-9Switched async only 6. Select Date Rate (kbps) and press Return. From the pop-up menu, select 19.2, 38.

B-14 Reference GuideThe Netopia Router’s connection profiles for Routers B and C create entries in its IP routing table. One entry points to the subnet

Understanding IP Addressing B-15The Netopia Router compares the packet’s destination IP address with the routes in its IP routing table. It begins wit

B-16 Reference GuideBroadcastsAs mentioned earlier, binary IP host or subnet addresses composed entirely of ones or zeros are reserved for broadcastin

C-1Appendix CISDN Configuration GuideThis appendix contains supplemental ISDN configuration information.DefinitionsThe following terms are used in this a

C-2 Reference GuideAbout SPIDsDepending on the type of ISDN switch protocol you use, you may be required to enter SPIDs in the ISDN Line Configuration

ISDN Configuration Guide C-3Example SPIDsIf your ISDN line is controlled by a DMS-100 switch using National ISDN-1, and your directory numbers are give

C-4 Reference GuideBackup numberAnother use for the Optional Second Number item is for storing a backup number in case a connection cannot be made usi

ISDN Configuration Guide C-5The table below shows which supported switch types can allow an incoming call when ACO for data is on.* Must have two direc

C-6 Reference Guide

D-1Appendix DISDN, DDS/ADN, and T1 EventsThis appendix is a complete list of the leased line and ISDN events that can appear in the Netopia Router’s e

2-10 Reference Guide T1 Line Configuration Line Encoding... B8ZS Framing Mode...

D-2 Reference Guide+------------------------EVENT DETAILS----------------------++-----------------------------------------------------------+| || 19:

ISDN, DDS/ADN, and T1 Events D-3Connection Confirmed to our DN: Received connect confirmation for Connect Request sent to the switch. Associated paramet

D-4 Reference GuideCause No. 2: no route to specified transit network. This cause indicates that the equipment sending this cause has received a reque

ISDN, DDS/ADN, and T1 Events D-5This cause is not necessarily generated by Q.931 procedures but may be generated by internal network timers.Cause No.

D-6 Reference GuideCause No. 38: network out of order. This cause indicates that the network is not functioning correctly and that the condition is l

ISDN, DDS/ADN, and T1 Events D-7Cause No 57: bearer capability not authorized. This cause indicates that the user has requested a bearer capability i

D-8 Reference GuideCause No. 82: identified channel does not exist. This cause indicates that the equipment sending this cause has received a request

ISDN, DDS/ADN, and T1 Events D-9Cause No. 95: invalid message, unspecified. This cause is used to report an invalid message event only when no other c

D-10 Reference GuideCause No. 102: recovery on timer expiry. This cause indicates that a procedure has been initiated by the expiry of a timer in ass

E-1Appendix EFurther ReadingAngell, David. ISDN for Dummies, Foster City, CA: IDG Books Worldwide, 1995. Thorough introduction to ISDN for beginners.B

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-11Note: Each DS0 channel represents a 56k or 64k increment in bandwidth. Selecting a number less than th

E-2 Reference GuideSiyan, Karanjit. Internet Firewall and Network Security, Indianapolis: New Riders Publishing, 1995. Similar to the Chapman and Zwic

Glossary GL-1GlossaryAccess Line: A communications line (e.g. circuit) interconnecting a frame-relay-compatible device (DTE) to a frame-relay switch (

GL-2 Reference GuideBandwidth: The range of frequencies, expressed in Kilobits per second, that can pass over a given data transmission channel within

GL-3Bridge: A device that supports LAN-to-LAN communications. Bridges may be equipped to provide frame relay support to the LAN devices they serve. A

GL-4 Reference GuideUnchannelizedThe entire T1/E1 line is considered a channel, where:n The T1 line operates at speeds of 1.536 Mbps and is a signle c

GL-5Class A, B, and C networks: The values assigned to the first few bits in an IP network address determine which class designation the network has.

GL-6 Reference Guidecommunity strings: Sequences of characters that serve much like passwords for devices using SNMP. Different community strings may

GL-7DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): A service that lets clients on a LAN request configuration information, such as IP host addresses, from

GL-8 Reference GuideEthernet address: Sometimes referred to as a hardware address. A 48-bits long number assigned to every Ethernet hardware device.

GL-9Frame-Relay-Capable Interface Device: A communications device that performs encapsulation. frame-Relay-capable reouters and bridges are examples

2-12 Reference GuideLine configuration for a DDS lineThe DDS Line Configuration screen is where you enter the configuration parameters for your leased li

GL-10 Reference Guidehop count: The number of routers a packet has gone through. If there are six routers between source and destination nodes, the h

GL-11IP (Internet Protocol): A networking protocol developed for use on computer systems that use the UNIX operating system. Often used with Ethernet

GL-12 Reference GuideLAN Segment: In the context of a frame relay network supporting LAN-to-LAN communications, a LAN linked to another LAN by a brid

GL-13network number: A unique number for each network in an internet. AppleTalk network numbers are assigned by seed routers, to which the network is

GL-14 Reference GuideParameter: A numerical code that controls an aspect of terminal and/or network operation. Parameters control such aspects as pag

GL-15protocol: A set of rules for communication, sometimes made up of several smaller sets of rules also called protocols. AppleTalk is a protocol th

GL-16 Reference Guiderouter port: A physical or logical connection between a router and a network. Where a network only allows the use of one protoco

GL-17Statistical Multiplexing: Interleaving the data input of two or more devices on a single channel or access line for transmission through a frame

GL-18 Reference GuideTFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol/Internet Protocol): A protocol used to transfer files between IP nodes. TFTP is often used t

GL-19zone: An arbitrary subset of nodes within an AppleTalk internet. Creating multiple zones makes it easier for users to locate network services. T

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-133. Select Clock Source and press Return. From the pop-up menu, highlight the clock source, that you wi

GL-20 Reference Guide

GL-21

GL-22 Reference Guide

IN-1IndexNumerics1 B Channel 2510Base-2, connecting 810Base-5, connecting 810Base-T 710Base-T, connecting 72 B Channels 262 B Pre-emptable 2656 Kbps 3

IN-2 Reference Guidesecret 24Community strings 19configurationISDN line 2configuration filesdownloading with TFTP 17downloading with XMODEM 13uploadin

IN-3EtherWave 5EtherWave, connecting 5event historydevice 9ISDN 10Exported Services 8FFilter priority 8filter setsadding 17defined 7deleting 24disadva

IN-4 Reference GuideIP Setup for Small Office models 7, 10IPCP 17IPX packet filter sets 11IPX packet filters 10IPX SAP Bindery Table 19IPX SAP filters

IN-5LocalTalk configuration 11models 3monitoring 1PPP options 22, 27security 1system utilities and tests 1Network problems 5network status overview 1N

IN-6 Reference Guideweekly 53screens, connecting to 4secret (CHAP) 24securityfilters 6–29measures to increase 2telnet 6user accounts (passwords) 2Secu

IN-7Trivial File Transfer Protocol, see TFTPTroubleshooting 1troubleshootingevent histories 9loopback test 7WAN statistics 5Trusted host 27Trusted sub

Contents GB Chapter 1 — Introduction... 1-1How to use this guide ...

2-14 Reference GuideConnection ProfilesDisplay/Change Connection Profile...Add Connection Profile...Delete Connection Profile...Establish WAN Connecti

Limited Warranty and Limitation of RemediesFarallon warrants to you, the end user, that the Netopia™ ISDN Router (the “Product”) will be free from def

THE ABOVE WARRANTIES ARE MADE BY FARALLON ALONE, AND THEY ARE THE ONLY WARRANTIES MADE BY ANYONE REGARDING THE ENCLOSED PRODUCT. FARALLON AND ITS LIC

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-15Connection Profiles +-Profile Name---------------------IP Address----IPX Network-+ +--

2-16 Reference GuideDeleting a Connection ProfileTo delete a connection profile, select Delete Connection Profile in the Connection Profiles screen and pr

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-17Add Connection ProfileProfile Name: Profile 04Profile Enabled:

2-18 Reference Guide IP Profile Parameters Address Translation Enabled: Yes IP Addressing...

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-19The default address for the Local WAN IP Address is 0.0.0.0, which allows for dynamic addressing, when

2-20 Reference Guidea WAN IP address or subnet mask associated with this connection. These default addresses will request that the remote router dynam

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-21Note: Using the IPX protocol is required with other remote networks using IPX for an intranet connecti

2-22 Reference Guide To change the default Path Delay, select and enter a value (in ticks). To enable NetBIOS Packet Forwarding, toggle the selecti

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-23Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) and Multilink Point-to-Point Protocol (MP) allow the Netopia Router to m

iv Reference Guide Readying computers on your local network... 3-2Connecting to a LocalTalk network—for 400 series models...

2-24 Reference Guideauthentication is set for PAP, as this is usually the most popular security parameter that ISP’s and other remote networks set up

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-25 If you choose to use CACHE-TOKEN, select Send User Name and enter a name for your Netopia Router. Th

2-26 Reference Guideaccept an incoming call through or when a second connec-tion profile is used to make a call. See Appendix D for infor-mation on “Dy

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-27telephone number for a multilink call. In addition, the Netopia Router can bring WAN links up and down

2-28 Reference GuideT1 and DDS models only 10. The Interface Group field reflects the active port selection: the internal CSU for T1 or DDS, or SA port

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-29 Select Dial and set this connection profile to only make calls, only receive calls, or do both. Choos

2-30 Reference GuideISDN Switched circuitmodels onlyAvailable for inbound callsonly The CNA Validation Number is the telephone number that your Netop

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-31If a connection is establishing properly, the Connection State will initially read Acquiring but will

2-32 Reference Guide Frame Relay Configuration LMI Type... ANSI (Annex D) T391 (Polli

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-33 The N392 option specifies the maximum number of (link reliability, protocol, and sequence number) err

Contents v G AppleTalk Setup for Small Office models... 6-7AppleTalk Setup for Corporate models... 6-

2-34 Reference Guide The Default Be (Be also referred to as Excess Burst Size) represents the maximum amount of data that your Frame Relay service pr

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-35A Frame Relay DLCI is a set of parameters that tells the Netopia Router how to initially connect to a

2-36 Reference GuideChanging a Frame Relay DLCI configurationTo modify a Frame Relay DLCI configuration, select Display/Change DLCIs in the Frame Relay

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-372. A Frame Relay DLCI Configuration table appears with a prompt asking you if you want to delete the co

2-38 Reference GuideNote: The Netopia Router allows Frame Relay DLCIs to be named, so that you can easily reference and differentiate them. This is ac

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-39 The Bc (Committed Burst Size) represents the maximum amount of data that your Frame Relay service pr

2-40 Reference GuideHow the default profile works for a switched circuitThe Default Profile works like a guard booth at the gate to your network: it scr

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-41 WAN Setup Line Configuration...

2-42 Reference GuideNote: If the actual calling number and entered calling number do not have the same number of digits, CNA can still match the numbe

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-43Note: For an ISDN switched circuit with HDLC datalink encapsulation enabled, the Default Profile screen

vi Reference Guide Establishing a dial-on-demand (DOD) connection call... 8-5Establishing a manual

2-44 Reference Guidewords, you will have to set up a connection profile for that network.You can set the following default parameters for incoming call

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-45How the default profile works for a permanent circuitThe default profile works like a guard booth at the

2-46 Reference GuideCustomizing the default profileYou can customize the Netopia Router’s default frame relay profile in the Default Frame Profile screen

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-47If Must Match a Defined Profile is set to No, you can also set the following parameters for accepted cal

2-48 Reference Guide To allow calls that only match a connection profile’s remote IP and/or IPX address: Toggle Must Match a Defined Profile to Yes, an

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-49IP Address Serving IP Address Serving: On Server Name is

2-50 Reference GuideViewing scheduled connectionsTo display a table of view-only scheduled connections, select Display/Change Scheduled Connection in

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-51Adding a scheduled connectionTo add a new scheduled connection, select Add Scheduled Connection in the

2-52 Reference GuideDemand-Blocked defines the schedule when demand calls are prevented. If you selected Weekly, select Set Weekly Schedule and go to

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-53 Select AM or PM and choose AM or PM from the pop-up menu. Select Scheduled Window Duration and ente

Contents vii G Uploading configuration files ... 10-16Transferring configuration and firmware fileswith TFTP ...

2-54 Reference Guide Select AM or PM and choose AM or PM. The AM or PM item appears only if the time is in the 12-hour clock format. Select Schedule

Configuring ISDN and Leased Line Connections 2-55CSU BackupWhen you are using the leased line interfaces T1 and DDS, you can configure an automatic CSU

2-56 Reference Guide

3-1Chapter 3Connecting Your Local NetworkIn this chapter, you will learn how to physically connect the Netopia Router to your local area network (LAN)

3-2 Reference GuideSee the sections later in this chapter for details on how to connect the Netopia Router to the two types of networks.Readying compu

Connecting Your Local Network 3-3EtherTalk and LocalTalk: These are AppleTalk protocols used over Ethernet.Once the Netopia Router is properly configur

3-4 Reference GuideConnecting to an Ethernet networkThe Netopia Router supports an Ethernet connection to either its AUI or its EtherWave ports. The R

Connecting Your Local Network 3-5EtherWaveTo add the Netopia Router to your EtherWave daisy chain, use a 10Base-T cable with RJ-45 connectors. The rou

3-6 Reference GuideYou may use either or both of the EtherWave ports to connect the Netopia Router, as needed. No termination is necessary, even when

Connecting Your Local Network 3-710Base-TYou can connect a 10Base-T Ethernet network to the Netopia Router either through one of its EtherWave ports o

viii Reference Guide About SPIDs... C-2Example SPIDs ...

3-8 Reference GuideThick and Thin EthernetYou can connect a 10Base-5 (Thick Ethernet) or 10Base-2 (Thin Ethernet) network to the Netopia Router’s AUI

4-1Chapter 4IP SetupThe Netopia Router uses Internet Protocol (IP) to communicate both locally and with remote networks. This chapter shows you how to

4-2 Reference Guide The single proxy address is acquired at connection time from the answering side. The address can be assigned by the remote router

IP Setup 4-3In the following example screen, 192.163.100.6 is assigned to the calling Netopia Router.Note: The QuickView screen varies by your Netopia

4-4 Reference GuideAssociating port numbers with nodesWhen an IP client, such as a Netscape or Microsoft Internet Explorer web browser, wants to estab

IP Setup 4-5NAT guidelinesObserve the following guidelines when using Network Address Translation. The router can export just one local IP address pe

4-6 Reference GuideIP setupThe IP Setup options screen is where you configure the Ethernet side of the Netopia Router. The information you enter here c

IP Setup 4-7Small Office models only IP Setup Ethernet IP Address: 192.168.6.137 Ethernet Subnet Mask: 255.2

4-8 Reference Guide If a secondary DNS server is available, select Secondary DNS Server and enter its IP address. The secondary DNS server is used by

IP Setup 4-9 Select Service. A pop-up menu of services and ports appears.Add Exported Service+-Type------Port-++----------------+Service... | ftp

1-1 ET H ER NE TISDNReceiveLinkReceiveLinkTransmitCollisionAUIReadyTrafficTrafficGoGoTrafficB1DB2PC cardPower Chapter 1Introduction Your Netopia Rout

4-10 Reference GuideNon-Small Office modelsonly IP Setup Ethernet IP Address: 192.168.6.137

IP Setup 4-11 Select DNS Server and enter the IP address for a domain name server. The domain name server matches the alphabetic addresses favored by

4-12 Reference GuideStatic routes are helpful in situations where a route to a network must be used and other means of finding the route are unavailabl

IP Setup 4-13Next Gateway: The IP address of the router that will be used to reach the destination network.Priority: An indication whether the Netopia

4-14 Reference Guide Select Destination Network Subnet Mask and enter the subnet mask used by the destination network. Select Next Gateway IP Addres

IP Setup 4-15Modifying a static routeTo modify a static route, select Display/Change Static Route in the Static Routes screen to display a table of st

4-16 Reference Guide The connection profile associated with the static route has a disabled dial-on-demand setting, and there is no current connection

IP Setup 4-17 The third protocol, called IPCP, is part of the PPP/MP suite of wide area protocols used for ISDN WAN connections. It allows remote te

4-18 Reference GuideFollow these steps to configure IP Address Serving: Server Name is lists the Netopia Router’s name, model number and individual se

IP Setup 4-19DHCP Options Serve Domain Name: Yes Domain Name: Serve Default Gateway: Yes D